The transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a scientific instrument that uses electrons instead of light to scrutinize objects at very fine resolutions. They were developed in the 1930s when scientists realized that electrons can be used instead of light to "magnify" objects or specimens under study. TEMs provided a means to go beyond the magnification …
A diopter is a lens that bends light in order to magnify an object. Diopters can be used to enlarge small objects or see across far distances and are generally integrated into other objects in order to maximize efficiency and accessibility. A diopter can also refer to a measurement that describes a lens’s optical power …
Fiber optic lines, which can be as thin as a piece of human hair, are made of strands of glass that are optically pure. They are used to transmit light signals, and have the ability to carry these signals over long distances. How is Light Transmitted Through Fiber Optics? The process by which light is …
The Tyndall Effect refers to the reflection of light as it comes in contact with small particles in a translucent medium. It involves the scattering of light in different colors depending on how short or long a particular wavelength is. For example, the Tyndall Effect can describe the haze seen as light travels through a …
The term stereoscopic vision refers to the human ability to view with both eyes in similar, but slightly different ways. This allows humans to judge distance, which develops their ability to have true depth perception. Historically, the human’s ability to view the world through stereoscopic sight has given him/her a significant advantage over entities and …
For the past two decades, lasers have been used to measure distance without having to physically touch the area or things being measured. Laser measurement is capable of very precise and quick distance measurements. Lasers have been used in military targeting, criminal investigations, and sports. As research has progressed, the size of laser measuring devices …
Holograms are three-dimensional images produced through photographic projection. Unlike 3-D graphics or Virtual Reality or Augmented reality displays where the image is projected in a two-dimensional surface and where the illusion of depth is applied, holograms are truly three-dimensional images that do not need special viewing equipments. The first hologram was created in 1947 by …
A PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor detects infrared light that is emitted from objects within its field of view. PIR sensors differ from other infrared sensors because they can only receive infrared waves. Because all objects emit infrared waves (electromagnetic waves that travel with heat), PIR sensors can detect objects that are in front of them. …
A projector is able to accomplish a projection with the help of a combination of lenses along with the other technical things. A Fresnel lens projector is one which has different Fresnel lenses placed in the projector. Fresnel Lens Fresnel lens was invented by a French physicist, Augustin-Jean Fresnel. These lenses have a large aperture …
Refractometers measure the refractive index of liquids, gases, and translucent solids such as gemstones. The measurement of how much the speed of light is reduced when traveling through a gas, solid, or solution is referred to as the refractive index. When the device is used to test liquids, it typically measures the salinity, fluid concentration, …